Ene-04-21, by Rosendo Fraga
1. When the political scenario for 2020 was
laid out last year, there were issues easy to foresee, but the pandemic was
unpredictable. First, the fact that the relationship between the President and
the Vice President was going to be key in the ruling party; second, a difficult
economic yearwas getting near, in which social indicators were not going to
improve, but worsen somewhat; third, the rescheduling of the foreign debt was
going to be the most important economic issue to be solved; fourth, for
Kirchnerism, gaining influence in the Judiciary was going to be a priority.All
this was true to some extent, but the imponderable event could not be foreseen: the pandemic. It was an unforeseen event on a
global level whose consequences and scope are still difficult to predict. It
has become clear that we are going internationally to a more nationalistic and
less multilateral world. The "nationalization" of vaccines and the
lack of concrete action by the G20 are some evidences. Both situations will
have consequences in Argentina in 2021.
2. In principle, the legislative election in
October and the advance of the open primaries in August - which could be suspended
- will be the central political-electoral event that will order the actions of
politicians. Butone year to go before the election is an unpredictable scenario
in terms of facts and time. Argentina is experiencing a great political
acceleration combined with an unresolved crisis between the president and the
vice president, the problems that derive from the pandemic, in addition to
being imponderable -as the Buenos Aires police rebellion- make what can happen
in months and even weeks unpredictable. Analyzing politics in conventional
terms, the starting point is that despite the decline in the image of the
President in recent months, he, as the most relevant figure in electoral terms
within the ruling party, and the city mayor of the Buenos Aires, Horacio
Rodríguez Larreta, in the opposition, without being candidates, will influence
the electoral process.Today,Larreta seems more consolidated in his space than
Fernández in the ruling party. Vice President Cristina Kirchner appears with a
quota of power and the decision to use it that will be an unavoidable fact in
the political scene of 2021 and it is likely that she will have more influence
in defining the candidacies than the President himself.
3. The fact thatLarreta and Fernández have the
best approval rates in the two main political spaces shows that the moderate
are winning, but frustration and resentment underlie society. An unconventional
policy that analysts find it difficult to understand, is growing, as is
happening throughout the Western world. It can be synthesized as "the
party of the angry". In Argentina there are social conditions for the
emergence of an alternative with these characteristics. It has not found a
reference or leader through which to structure itself. This political force is
identified with the "let everyone go" and the
"antipolitical" feeling, it feeds on those who are desperate due to
insecurity, especially in the most popular sectors of Greater Buenos Aires; on the
middle class whose standard of living and income have been undermined; and
those who claim they are fed up with corruption.For them, there are not too
many differences between Cristina, Alberto or Macri, although at the level of
formal politics they appear with different and antagonistic alternatives. At
the electoral level, a central fact is whether Peronism is united or divided.
If it is fragmented, the chances of the opposition increase. Buta united
Peronismis hard to beat, especially in the legislative election. Peronism lost
in 2013, 2015 and 2017 because Sergio Massa divided it. When Cristina reunited it,
then it won the election. Hypotheses -but not certainties-can be built on how
this issue is going to be resolved.
4. Cristina Kirchner should not be
underestimated as a political player on the Argentine stage. Cristina's
political-electoral strategy is clear: her son, Máximo, should take over the
presidency of Buenos Aires Peronism in March; then, manage the slates of
candidates and he, as the first on the slate of the Frente de Todos, should win the province of Buenos Aires, and from
there, go for the presidential candidacy in 2023. His offensive to build power
will continue in the Judiciary and the media. In foreign policy, the
relationship with the United States will not be easy, despite the arrival of
Biden to power. Argentina will seek to get closer to China with issues such as
the incorporation to the geopolitical project of the "New Silk Road",
the option for the G5 technology of Huawei company, and the use and expansion
of the swap in yuans that make up the
reserves of the Central Bank.The social situation will be difficult and
severe: unemployment, poverty and inequality will be difficult to reverse,
ending 2020 with indicators similar to those of 2001 and in some cases worse.
The same will happen with public security (crime), which will continue to be
the pressing problem, especially for the lower income sectors. But the
evolution of the pandemic, and in particular vaccination, will be the main
variable for the political context. And in Argentina, as in the whole world, it
is a subject where unpredictability reigns.
5. Toconclude:
a. The pandemic will continue to be the central issue at global level
and in Argentina throughout 2021, but new imponderable events cannot be ruled
out on the foreign and domestic fronts.
b. The mid-term election is expected to concentrate the year's dynamics
in political and electoral terms: winning in the BA province by one vote will
mean winning the national election.
c. While moderate actors prevail in polls, dissatisfaction and
resentment prevail in broad sectors of society, despite which the unity of BA
province peronism will be decisive to define the election.
d. The vice president has a clear political strategy: Maximo should take
over the presidency of theBA province PJ in March and then head the Frente de Todos slate in this district,
and if he wins, he could runfor president in 2023.
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